{"id":14318,"date":"2021-01-28T23:07:44","date_gmt":"2021-01-28T22:07:44","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/alaan.ma\/?p=14318"},"modified":"2021-01-28T23:07:46","modified_gmt":"2021-01-28T22:07:46","slug":"%d9%8a%d9%87%d9%88%d8%af-%d9%85%d9%8e%d8%ba%d8%a7%d8%b1%d8%a8%d9%8e%d8%a9-%d9%81%d9%8a-%d8%ad%d9%8e%d8%b6%d8%b1%d8%a9-%d8%aa%d9%8e%d9%85%d9%92%d8%ba%d9%92%d8%b1%d9%8e%d8%a8%d9%8a%d8%aa%d9%92","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/alaan.ma\/?p=14318","title":{"rendered":"\u064a\u0647\u0648\u062f \u0645\u064e\u063a\u0627\u0631\u0628\u064e\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u062d\u064e\u0636\u0631\u0629 \u062a\u064e\u0645\u0652\u063a\u0652\u0631\u064e\u0628\u064a\u062a\u0652"},"content":{"rendered":"\n<blockquote class=\"wp-block-quote is-layout-flow wp-block-quote-is-layout-flow\"><p><strong>\u0628\u0642\u0644\u0645 &#8211; \u0639\u0628\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0644\u0647 \u062d\u062a\u0648\u0633<\/strong><\/p><\/blockquote>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\"><strong>\u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0631\u0648\u062d \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0632\u064a\u0632\u0629 \u0628\u064a\u0631\u0652\u0644\u0627\u064e \u0643\u064f\u0648\u0647\u064a\u0646<\/strong><strong>&nbsp;<\/strong><strong><sup>\u2731<\/sup><\/strong><strong><sup>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;<\/sup><\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\"><strong>\u0647\u0646\u0627\u0643 \u062c\u0631\u0627\u062d \u064a\u062a\u0631\u0643\u0647\u0627 \u063a\u064a\u0627\u0628 \u0645\u0646 \u0628\u0635\u0645\u0648\u0627 \u062d\u064a\u0627\u062a\u0646\u0627 \u0628\u062d\u0636\u0648\u0631\u0647\u0645\u060c \u0648\u0647\u0646\u0627\u0643 \u0648\u0634\u0648\u0645 \u064a\u062d\u0636\u0631 \u0645\u0646 \u062e\u0644\u0627\u0644\u0647\u0627 \u063a\u064a\u0627\u0628 \u0645\u0646 \u0648\u0634\u0645\u0648\u0627 \u0645\u0634\u062a\u0631\u0643\u0646\u0627 \u0628\u0648\u062c\u0648\u062f\u0647\u0645 \u0641\u064a\u0646\u0627 \u0648\u0628\u064a\u0646\u0646\u0627 \u0648\u0645\u0639\u0646\u0627. \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0631\u062d \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0648\u0634\u0645 \u0639\u0646\u0627\u0648\u064a\u0646 \u0644\u0643\u062a\u0627\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0636\u0648\u0631\u060c \u062d\u0645\u0627\u0629 \u0644\u0644\u0645\u0627\u0636\u064a \u0645\u0646 \u0639\u0628\u062b\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0627\u0636\u0631\u060c \u0648\u0645<\/strong><strong>\u064f<\/strong><strong>\u0642<\/strong><strong>\u064e<\/strong><strong>\u0627\u0648\u0645<\/strong><strong>\u064e<\/strong><strong>\u0629 \u062a\u062d\u0627\u0635\u0631 \u0645\u0646 \u064a\u0643\u062a\u0628\u0648\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0627\u0631\u064a\u062e \u0628\u0645\u0645\u062d\u0627\u0629<\/strong><strong>.<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\"><strong>\u062a\u064e\u0645\u0652\u063a\u0652\u0631\u064e\u0628\u064a\u062a\u0652 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0652\u0644\u0627\u062d\u0652<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\"><strong>\u0641\u064a \u062a\u0633\u0645\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u062d\u064a\u0627\u0621 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a \u064a\u0633\u0643\u0646\u0647\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u064a\u0647\u0648\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0645\u063a\u0627\u0631\u0628\u0629 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0652\u0644\u0627\u062d\u0652\u060c \u0625\u062d\u0627\u0644\u0629 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u062e\u0635\u0648\u0635\u064a\u0629 \u0645\u063a\u0631\u0628\u064a\u0629 \u062e\u0627\u0644\u0635\u0629 \u0628\u062f\u0623 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0623\u0633\u064a\u0633 \u0644\u0647\u0627 \u0645\u0646\u0630 \u0645\u0627 \u064a\u0632\u064a\u062f&nbsp;<\/strong><strong>\u0639\u0646<\/strong><strong>&nbsp;\u0623\u0644\u0641\u064a \u0633\u0646\u0629 \u061b \u062e\u0635\u0648\u0635\u064a\u0629 \u0644\u0627 \u0646\u062c\u062f \u0644\u0647\u0627 \u0645\u062b\u064a\u0644\u0627 \u0641\u064a \u0643\u0644 \u062f\u0648\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0627\u0644\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a \u0639\u0627\u0634 \u0641\u064a\u0647\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u064a\u0647\u0648\u062f. \u0641\u0641\u064a \u062f\u0648\u0644 \u0634\u0645\u0627\u0644 \u0625\u0641\u0631\u064a\u0642\u064a\u0627 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0634\u0631\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0648\u0633\u0637 \u0645\u062b\u0644\u0627\u060c \u062a\u0633\u0645\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u062d\u064a\u0627\u0621 \u0627\u0644\u064a\u0647\u0648\u062f\u064a\u0629 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u062d\u064e\u0627\u0631\u064e\u0629\u060c \u0648\u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0648\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0648\u0631\u0628\u064a\u0629 \u062a\u0633\u062a\u0639\u0645\u0644 \u0643\u0644\u0645\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u064a<\/strong><strong>&nbsp;(Le quartier juif)<\/strong><strong>\u060c \u0648\u062d\u062f\u0647\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u063a\u0627\u0631\u0628\u0629 \u0627\u062e\u062a\u0627\u0631\u0648\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0652\u0644\u0627\u062d\u0652 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0644<\/strong><strong>\u0652<\/strong><strong>\u062d<\/strong><strong>\u0652<\/strong><strong>&nbsp;\u0644\u062a\u0633\u0645\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062c\u0645\u0639\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0643\u0646\u064a\u0629 \u0644\u0644\u0645\u063a\u0627\u0631\u0628\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u064a\u0647\u0648\u062f<\/strong><strong>.<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\"><strong><\/strong><strong>\u062a\u0634\u064a\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u0637\u064a\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0627\u0631\u064a\u062e\u064a\u0629 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0623\u0646 \u0623\u0635\u0644 \u062a\u0644\u0643 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0633\u0645\u064a\u0629 \u064a\u0639\u0648\u062f \u0644\u062d\u064a \u064a\u0647\u0648\u062f\u064a \u062a\u0645 \u0628\u0646\u0627\u0624\u0647 \u0641\u064a \u0645\u062f\u064a\u0646\u0629 \u0641\u0627\u0633\u060c \u0632\u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0647\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0631\u064a\u0646\u064a \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0631\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062e\u0627\u0645\u0633 \u0639\u0634\u0631\u060c \u0641\u064a \u0645\u0646\u0637\u0642\u0629 \u0643\u0627\u0646 \u064a\u062c\u0645\u0639 \u0641\u064a\u0647\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0644\u062d \u0648\u064a\u062e\u0632\u0646 \u062a\u0645\u0647\u064a\u062f\u0627 \u0644\u062a\u0635\u062f\u064a\u0631\u0647 \u0639\u0628\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0648\u0627\u0641\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062c\u0627\u0631\u064a\u0629\u060c \u0642\u0628\u0644 \u0623\u0646 \u062a\u0639\u0645\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0633\u0645\u064a\u0629 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0643\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062c\u0645\u0639\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u064a\u0647\u0648\u062f\u064a\u0629 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0645\u063a\u0631\u0628. \u0641\u064e\u0642\u064e\u0631\u064e\u0627\u0628\u064e\u0629\u064f \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0644\u062d \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062c\u062a\u0645\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u063a\u0631\u0628\u064a\u060c \u0644\u0647\u0627 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u062b\u0631 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0642\u0648\u0629 \u0645\u0627 \u064a\u062c\u0639\u0644\u0647\u0627 \u0641\u064a \u0628\u0639\u0636 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0627\u0644\u0627\u062a \u0623\u0642\u0648\u0649 \u0645\u0646 \u0642\u0631\u0627\u0628\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0645<\/strong><strong>.<\/strong>&nbsp;<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\"><strong>\u0644\u0645 \u064a\u0643\u0646 \u0644\u062a\u0645\u063a\u0631\u0628\u064a\u062a \u0623\u0646 \u062a\u0643\u0648\u0646 \u0625\u0633\u062a\u062b\u0646\u0627\u0626\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u0637\u0646\u064a\u0629 \u0628\u0627\u0645\u062a\u064a\u0627\u0632<\/strong><strong>(exceptionnalisme national)<\/strong><strong>\u060c \u0644\u0648 \u0642\u0627\u0645\u062a \u0641\u0642\u0637 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0627\u0631\u064a\u062e \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062b\u0642\u0627\u0641\u0629 \u0648\u0645\u0624\u0633\u0633\u0627\u062a \u062a\u062f\u0628\u064a\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0634\u062a\u0631\u0643\u060c \u0641\u0642\u062f \u0623\u0635\u0628\u062d\u062a \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0645\u0627 \u0647\u064a \u0639\u0644\u064a\u0647 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0648\u0629 \u0628\u0641\u0639\u0644 \u062a<\/strong><strong>\u0623<\/strong><strong>\u0633\u064a\u0633\u0647\u0627 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0642\u0631\u0627\u0628\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0644\u062d \u0648\u0642\u0631\u0627\u0628\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0645 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u062c\u0627\u0646\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0646\u0627\u0635\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u062e\u0631\u0649. \u0641\u062a\u0645\u062b\u0644\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u063a\u0627\u0631\u0628\u0629 \u0644\u0644\u0648\u0637\u0646 &#8216;\u0644\u0652\u0628\u0652\u0644\u0627\u064e\u062f\u0652&#8221; \u0648\u0644\u0645\u0624\u0633\u0633\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0648\u0644\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0639\u064a\u0634 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0634\u062a\u0631\u0643 \u0648\u0645\u0646\u0638\u0648\u0645\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u064a\u0645 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0643\u0648\u0646\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062b\u0642\u0627\u0641\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0647\u0648\u064a\u0629\u060c \u0644\u0647\u0627 \u0639\u0646\u0648\u0627\u0646 \u0648\u0627\u062d\u062f: \u062a\u064e\u0645\u0652\u063a\u0652\u0631\u0628\u064a\u062a\u0652<\/strong><strong>.<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\"><strong>\u064a\u0633\u062a\u063a\u0631\u0628 \u0628\u0639\u0636 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062a\u062a\u0628\u0639\u064a\u0646 \u0644\u0634\u0624\u0648\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0634\u0631\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0648\u0633\u0637 \u0648\u0634\u0645\u0627\u0644 \u0625\u0641\u0631\u064a\u0642\u064a\u0627\u060c&nbsp;<\/strong><strong>\u0645\u0646 \u0627<\/strong><strong>\u0644\u062d\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u0643\u0628\u064a\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0630\u064a \u064a\u0643\u0646\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u064a\u0647\u0648\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0645\u063a<\/strong><strong>\u0627<\/strong><strong>\u0631\u0628\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u0625\u0633\u0631\u0627\u0626\u064a\u0644 \u0644\u0628\u0644\u062f\u0647\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u063a\u0631\u0628\u060c \u0648\u064a\u062a\u0633\u0627\u0626\u0644\u0648\u0646 \u0639\u0646 \u0633\u0631 \u0643\u0644 \u0647\u0630\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0639\u0644\u0642 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0625\u0633\u062a\u0639\u062f\u0627\u062f \u0644\u062e\u062f\u0645\u062a\u0647 \u0645\u0647\u0645\u0627 \u0643\u0644\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0645\u0631. \u0644\u0643\u0646 \u0644\u0648 \u0628\u062d\u062b\u0648\u0627 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0645\u0631 \u0648\u0623\u062d\u0627\u0637\u0648\u0627 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0642\u0644\u064a\u0644 \u0645\u0646 \u0633\u062d<\/strong><strong>\u0652<\/strong><strong>\u0631 \u062a\u064e\u0645\u0652\u063a\u0652\u0631\u0628\u064a\u062a\u0652\u060c \u0644\u0648\u062c\u062f\u0648\u0627 \u0628\u0623\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u063a\u0627\u0631\u0628\u0629 \u062c\u0645\u064a\u0639\u0627 \u0644\u062f\u064a\u0647\u0645 \u0646\u0641\u0633 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0631\u062a\u0628\u0627\u0637. \u0641\u0645\u0647\u0645\u0627 \u0643\u0627\u0646 \u0627\u0633\u062a\u064a\u0627\u0621 \u0627\u0644\u0643\u062b\u064a\u0631\u064a\u0646 \u0645\u0646\u0647\u0645 \u0645\u0646 \u0638\u0631\u0648\u0641\u0647\u0645 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\u0627\u0644\u0633\u0648\u062f<\/strong><strong>&nbsp;&nbsp;(Black Panthers)&nbsp;<\/strong><strong>\u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a \u0623\u0633\u0633\u0647\u0627 \u0633\u0646\u0629 1972\u060c \u0634\u0628\u0627\u0628 \u064a\u0647\u0648\u062f \u0645\u063a\u0627\u0631\u0628\u0629 \u0646\u0627\u0642\u0645\u0648\u0646 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u062d\u062a\u0643\u0627\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u064a\u0647\u0648\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0627\u062f\u0645\u064a\u0646 \u0645\u0646 \u0623\u0648\u0631\u0648\u0628\u0627 \u0644\u0644\u062b\u0631\u0648\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0633\u0644\u0637\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0642\u064a\u0645<\/strong><strong>.<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\"><strong>\u0627\u0644\u0623\u0633\u0637\u0648\u0631\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0624\u0633\u0633\u0629<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\"><strong>\u062a\u062d\u0643\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0633\u0637\u0648\u0631\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0624\u0633\u0633\u0629 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class=\"wp-block-paragraph\"><strong>\u062a<\/strong><strong>\u064e<\/strong><strong>\u0645<\/strong><strong>\u0652<\/strong><strong>\u063a<\/strong><strong>\u0652<\/strong><strong>\u0631<\/strong><strong>\u064e<\/strong><strong>\u0628\u064a\u062a<\/strong><strong>\u0652<\/strong><strong>&nbsp;\u0648\u062d\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u0634\u0639\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0644\u0633\u0637\u064a\u0646\u064a<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\"><strong>\u064a\u0648\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0642\u0649&nbsp;<\/strong><strong>\u0627\u0644\u0635\u062d\u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0633\u0631\u0627\u0626\u064a\u0644\u064a \u0645\u0646 \u0623\u0635\u0644 \u0645\u063a\u0631\u0628\u064a \u062f<\/strong><strong>\u064e<\/strong><strong>\u0627\u0646\u064a\u0627\u0644 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\u0627\u0644\u0635\u0631\u0627\u0639\u0627\u062a \u0641\u064a \u0623\u0645\u0631\u064a\u0643\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0646\u0648\u0628\u064a\u0629\u060c \u0648\u0642\u062f \u0643\u0627\u0646\u062a \u0645\u0643\u0644\u0641\u0629 \u0628\u0645\u062e\u062a\u0628\u0631&nbsp;<\/strong><strong>l\u2019Ordinaire Latino am\u00e9ricain<\/strong><strong>&nbsp;\u060c \u0644\u0645\u062f\u0629 \u062e\u0645\u0633\u0629 \u0639\u0634\u0631 \u0639\u0627\u0645\u0627. \u0643\u0645\u0627 \u0643\u0627\u0646\u062a \u0645\u0633\u0624\u0648\u0644\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0644\u0627\u0642\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0648\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0642\u0637\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0627\u0645\u0639\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0648\u0631\u0648\u0628\u064a \u0628\u062a\u0648\u0644\u0648\u0632 (<\/strong><strong>P\u00f4le Universitaire Europ\u00e9en de Toulouse<\/strong><strong>)<\/strong><strong>&nbsp;.<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\"><strong>\u0628\u0639\u062f 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\u0627\u0644\u0645\u063a\u0631\u0628\u064a \u0628\u0645\u0643\u0648\u0646\u0627\u062a\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0645\u0627\u0632\u064a\u063a\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0639\u0631\u0628\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0623\u0646\u062f\u0644\u0633\u064a\u0629.<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\"><strong>\u0648\u0627\u0641\u062a\u0647\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0646\u064a\u0629 \u064a\u0648\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0645\u0639\u0629 12 \u0623\u0643\u062a\u0648\u0628\u0631 2018.<\/strong><\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<div class=\"mh-excerpt\"><p>\u0628\u0642\u0644\u0645 &#8211; \u0639\u0628\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0644\u0647 \u062d\u062a\u0648\u0633 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0631\u0648\u062d \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0632\u064a\u0632\u0629 \u0628\u064a\u0631\u0652\u0644\u0627\u064e \u0643\u064f\u0648\u0647\u064a\u0646&nbsp;\u2731&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; \u0647\u0646\u0627\u0643 \u062c\u0631\u0627\u062d \u064a\u062a\u0631\u0643\u0647\u0627 \u063a\u064a\u0627\u0628 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